Sentence patterns and function words

ér YET (8/12/13)

can be used to link two clauses opposite in meaning as in  不实 magnificent, yet not practical. is an adverb and is placed before the verb in the second clause of a sentence.

 Britain and the US have similar views, but France has a different standpoint.

a great yet tough task.

can be omitted in the sentence pattern as in()儿童图书方面on the subject of children’s books

 

Tips for newspaper reading

Transliteration of foreign names (12)

Only certain characters are used for the transliteration of foreign names. A given name and surname are separated by the mark ·. See the attached document for characters commonly used for transliteration of foreign names.

Commonly Used Characters for Foreign Names

 

in simplified characters

 

A(i)

,,

ai

A(l)

()

a (er)

A(n)

*

an

A(r,u)

,

ao

B(a, er, y)

,,*

ba bai

B(e)

bei

B(ea)

bi

B(al)

*,*

bao

B(an,en,un)

ban

B(o,ur)

,,,

bo

B(r,u)

bu

B(en)

*

peng

C(a, ar, er)

,,

ka,kai,jia

C(l,r)

,客科

ke

C(e,y) ,西

sai,xi

Ch(a, ar, o)

,*

cha, chai

Ch(i)Ch(ur)

*,  *

qiao qiu  

C(o)

*,,*

ke,  ge,   

C(am,an)

*,kang,keng

D(a, al)

,,,

da, dao,de

D(e,i)

,,

di

D(ia,io,ye)

*

dai

E(a)

yi

E(i)

*,

ai

E(r,u)  

,*

ou,you 

E(m,n)

,

en,ying

F(a)

fa

F(e)

fei

F(l,o,r)

,,

fu

F(en,in)

fen 

G(a,al)

,

jia

G(am,an)

*,

gan, gang

G(r,o)

*,,, ge

G(eor)

*

qiao

G(al)

*

gao 

G(en)

gen

G(e)

,

ji 

G(ua)

gua

G(ui)

gui

H(a,ar)

ha

H(am,an)

han     

H(e)

hai 

H(en)

 

heng

H(o,or)

,*

he        

H(u)

*,,,

shu, xiu xi 

H(un)

*,

han

I

,,

yi, ai   

I(m,n)

,   *         

ying,yin            

I(r)

ou

J(a)

jie 

J(ean) 

jin

J(o)       

,  *,* yue,jiao, qiao

J(u) 

*,*  

zhu, jia

J(un)

rong

K(a)

kai

K(an)

*

kang

K(e)

,*,

ke

K(i,y)

,

ji,jie

K(en)

ken  

K(in,ing)

*

jin

K(o)

kao 

K(u)

ku

L(a)

,*

la,lei

L(a,am)

*, 

lan       

L(aw)

* 

lao

L(ea) 

*

li   

L(ei)

lie 

L(in)

* 

lin  

L(oy)

*,

luo

L(ong)

lang    

L(u)

,*, * lu

L(y)

,* lai

M(a)

*,

ma

M(i)

, *

mai,   mi  

M(ay)

mei

M(er,o)

*,

mo

M(en,on)

meng

M(or) 

*  

mao

M(ui)

*

miu

N(a) 

,

na   

N(e,i)

,

ni

N(eu,ew)

*

niu

N(an,en)

nan

N(or oel)

nuo

O

,

ou ao

P(a,ar) ,,pa,pei,ba 

P(am,an)

ban    

P(au,er) ,, *

bo, bao

P(er)

pei

P(e) bi    

Ph(i)  ,fei

Ph(o)

fu

P(l)  ,pu

P(am,em,en) * 

peng       

P(y) bi

Q(ua)

ka

Q(ui) 

, 

gui, kui 

Q(uin)

kun

RSee "L"

S(a)

,   

sa, sai

S(ain)

sheng

S(am,an)

sang

S(a,ha)       sha       

S(k,l,m,n) ,,,  si 

Sh(er,ir) *,*,     

shi      

S(i,hi) 西,xi     

Sh(or) *  xiao

S(in) xin    

S(u) 宿 * su

T(a,h,ai)

,,   

ta tai       

T(e)

te

T(em)

  *   tan   

T(en)

dan     

Th(om) 

  * 

tang   

T(o,or)

,  

tuo

T(u,w)   

tu 

T(s) * chai

T(yn)

*

ding

U

*

you

U(h,r)

*

wu

V(a,al,ar)

, 

wa    

V(er,i)

,  ,

wei

V(an,en)

fan

W(a,al,ar) *, 

hua, wa          

W(e)

wei

W(er) 

*    

wei

W(en) 

  *  

wen

Wh(ea)

hui  

Wh(i)

怀

huai

Y(al,ea)

, *

ye

Z(ang)

 

sang 

Z(ee)  

, *

ji

Z(er)

sai   

Z(o) 

  * 

zuo  

Z(or)

suo

* Can be used as common surnames.

The characters with the following radicals can be used for women's names.