请把节目录下来
Basic expressions
As his old TV could not receive the CCTV (China Central TV), Mr. Smith bought a good quality digital TV set three months ago. He is very pleased with his new set. Today his friend Mr. Brown, a student of Chinese, visited him. They talked about the Chinese programmes that they had watched.
Let’s learn some new words before starting today’s dialogue.
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1. |
xīn |
新 |
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new |
new |
When it is placed before a noun it functions as an adjective.
xīnshū 新书 new books
xīndiànhuà 新电话 new telephone
When it is placed before a verb, it functions as an adverb recently.
xīnmăi de 新买的 recently bought
xīnxiĕ de xìn 新写的信 a letter that is just written
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2. |
diànshì |
电 视 |
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TV |
electricity vision |
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3. |
wèile…. |
为了 |
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for |
for LE |
This is followed by a clause which indicate a reason for an action, as in
a. wèile guójiā tā xué zhōngwén
为了 国家 他 学 中文。
for LE country he learn Chinese
He studies Chinese for his country.
b. tā wèile qù zhōngguó gōngzuò xuéxí hànyŭ
他 为了 去 中国 工作 学习 汉语。
he for LE go China work study Chinese
He studies Chinese in order to go to work in China.
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4. |
jiémù |
节 目 |
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program |
section eye |
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5. |
yĭqián |
以 前 |
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ago, before, in the past |
with front |
a.
sān nián yĭqián tā jiù kāishĭ xuéxí hànyŭ
三 年 以前 他 就 开始 学习 汉语。
three year ago he JIU start learn Chinese
Three years ago, he started learning Chinese.
b.
sān diăn yĭqián qĭng nĭ dào wŏ jiā
三 点 以前 请 你 到 我 家。
three o’clock before please you arrive my home
Get to my house before three o’clock.
c.
yĭqián wŏ bú huì yīngwén.
以前 我 不 会 英文 。
before I not know English
In the past, I did not know English.
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6. |
cháng |
常 |
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often |
often |
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7. |
mĕi |
每 |
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every, each, per |
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mĕi nián 每年every year
mĕi rén 每人every person
mĕi xīngqī 每星期 every week
mĕi xiăoshí 每小时 every hour
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8. |
xīnwén |
新 闻 |
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news |
new hear |
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9. |
tĭyù |
体 育 |
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physical education, sports |
body development |
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10. |
yīnyuè |
音 乐 |
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music |
sound happiness |
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11. |
wénhuà |
文 化 |
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culture |
literary …ization |
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12. |
lǚyóu |
旅 游 |
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travel, tourism |
travel travel |
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13. |
děngděng |
等 等 |
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so on , etc. |
etc etc |
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14. |
suīrán ……dànshì…… |
虽然… 但是… |
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although… |
Although… but |
T
his sentence pattern is used to link two clauses. The first clause indicates a given situation, and the second indicates the contrary result.
a.
suīrán tā yŏu hĕn duō qián, dànshì tā hái bu mănyì
虽然 他 有 很 多 钱 ， 但是 他 还 不 满意。
although he has very much money, but he still not satisfied
Although he has a lot of money, he is still not happy.
b.
lăoshī suīrán méi qù guo déguó, dànshì tā zhīdào hĕn duō déguó de shìr
老师 虽然 没 去 过 德国， 但是 他 知道 很 多 德国 的 事儿。
teacher although not go GUO Germany but he know very many Germany DE matter
Although he has not been to Germany, the teacher knows a lot about Germany.
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15. |
tài |
太 |
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very, too |
extreme |
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16. |
duì |
对 |
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for , to, with [used a as a co-verb] |
towards |
a.
tā duì wŏ de xuéxí bu mănyì
他 对 我 的 学习 不 满意。
he to I DE study not satisfied
He is not happy with my studies.
b.
lăoshī duì xuésheng hĕn hăo
老师 对 学生 很 好。
teacher to students very good
The teacher is very nice to his students.
c.
wáng xiānsheng duì wáng tàitai shuō wŏ qù yínháng
王 先生 对 王 太太 说： “我 去 银行”。
Wang Mr. to Wang Mrs. say I go bank
Mr. Wang said to Mrs. Wang: ‘I am going to the bank’.
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17. |
hăochù |
好 处 |
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benefit, advantage |
good place |
a.
xuéxí hànyu yŏu hĕn duō hăochù
学习 汉语 有 很 多 好处。
Study Chinese you very many advantages
There are many advantages to study Chinese.
b.
tā bu zuò duì tā méi hăochù de shìr
他 不 做 对 他 没 好处 的 事儿。
he not do to him not benefit DE matter
He does not do what does not benefit him.
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18. |
yòuér |
幼 儿 |
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children, baby |
child son |
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19. |
tā |
它 |
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it |
it |
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20. |
bĭjiào |
比 较 |
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to compare, comparatively |
compare compare |
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21. |
róngyì |
容 易 |
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easy, not difficult |
easy |
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22. |
bă |
把 |
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[co-verb] |
grasp |
Bă can be used as a co-verb to form the 把bă construction. The 把bă construction is used to indicate what one does to a particular object or how one does it. Verbs used in the 把bă construction take complex forms, and are verbs of action attached to resultative words, directional words or other elements. The attached elements refer to the direct object of the sentence. For instance, in 我 把 酒 喝 完了wŏ bă jiǔ hē wán le I finished drinking the alcohol. The resultative word wán finish refers to the alcohol, but not to the action of drinking. I finished drinking would be expressed by the simple utterance 我 喝 完 酒 了wŏ hē wán jiǔ le. The following are some examples of 把bă sentences.
a.
nĭ bă lăoshī qĭng lái
你 把 老师 请 来。
you BA teacher invite come
You invite the teacher to come here.
b.
mălì bă xìn xiĕ hăo le
玛丽 把 信 写 好 了。
Mary BA letter write finish LE
Mary has finished writing the letter.
c.
nĭ bă zhè bĕn zìdiăn ná zhe
你 把 这 本 字典 拿 着。
You BA this BEN dictionary hold ZHE
Take this dictionary with you.
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23. |
lù |
录 |
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to record |
record |
a.
wŏ lù le hànyu jiémù
我 录 了 汉语 节目。
I record LE Chinese programme
I recorded the Chinese language program.
b.
tā lù guo dì yī kè.
他 录 过 第 一 课。
he record GUO DI one lesson
He recorded Lesson One.
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24. |
xiàlái |
下 来 |
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come down |
down come |
下来 is used as directional verb to the action verb lù录.
nĭ bă shū ná xià lái
你 把 书 拿 下 来。
you BA book take down come
Take the book down.
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25. |
nŭlì |
努 力 |
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make efforts, hard working |
effort strength |
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26. |
xiàng |
向 |
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towards, to, from |
towards |
It is used as a co-verb in a sentence, as in
a.
wŏ xiàng tā xuéxí
我 向 他 学习。
I from him learn
I learn from him.
qĭng nĭ xiàng dōng zŏu
请 你 向 东 走 。
please you towards east go
Please go to the east.