FDTL 46/99

Session One
Reading skills

Chinese language skills for Britain: Disseminating Best Practice

Vocabulary index


There are about 550 most commonly used newspaper words and expressions on the flowing index list.

Pinyin                       Chinese            English                      Used as       Week

A

ānquándìyī

安 全 第 一

put safety first

EXPRE

14

B

 

Co-V

7

băwò

把 握

know, learn / certainty

V/N

14

bānjiăng

()()  

award

V-O

16

băn

version

N

12

bāokuò

包括

include

V

17

băoxiăn

保 险()

insurance

N

14

băozhàng

保 障

protection /protect

N / V

14

bàogào

()

report 

V

6

bēijù

悲 劇 ()

tragedy

N

14

bèi

 

Co-V

7

bĕn

[for book like objects]

MW

4

bĕnzhì

本质()

original nature          

N

4

[comparative particle]

Co-V

6

bìxù

必须()

must

MV

14

bìyè

()()

graduation

N/V-O

16

biănzhí

()

depreciate

V-O

17

biăomíng

表明

make clear

RVC

6

biăoshì           

表示

express

V

2

biăoxiàn

表现()

behaviour

N

5

bìng

illness

N

6

bìngdú           

病毒

virus

N

6

bìngquĕ

并且

also

ADV   

2

bōfā

播发()

broadcast

V

15

búzhìyì           

不注意

to be careless 

SV

14

no, not

Neg ADV

1

MW for novels

MW

13

bùbĭ

不 比

not better than…

Co-V (neg)

14

búbiàn

不便

inconvenience

N

14

búduàn          

不断()

continuously

ADV   

13

búkuài

不快   

unhappy

ADJ

14

búxìng

不幸

unfortunately

ADV

14

bùzhăng

部 长 ()

minister

N

2

C

cáijiăn

裁减()

Reduce, cut

V

17

cáiqŭ

采 取  

take, adopt    

V

5

cáiwù 

()

property

N

14

căifăng          

() 访()

interview

N/V

13

cánjí

()

disability

N

15

céngjīng

曾经 ()

at one time

ADV

13

chănshù

()

set forth

V

4

chángpiān

()

lengthy

ADJ

15

chàngxiāoshū

() () ()

best sellers

N

13

chāoguò

超过()

exceed

V

6

chénzhòng

沉重

heavy

ADJ

7

chēngwéi

()

to be called

V

12

chéng

appear

V

6

chéngdù

程度

degree

N

13

chéngbài

成败()

success or failure

N

4

chénglì           

成立

establish

V

4

chéngxiào

成效

effect

N

6

chíxù

持 续()

sustain, keep

V

12

chóngxīn

重新

re-, afresh

ADV   

13

chóngzŭ

重组()

reform

V

17

chūbăn          

出 版

publish           

V

4

chūmén

出 门()

have a trip away

V-O

14

chūxiàn

出 现(

appear, emerge

V

4

chūyú

出于()

arise from

RVC  

7

chūjiàn           

初见()

initially seen  

V

6

chuánbō

()

spread           

V

6

chuánrăn kē 

() 染科

dept for infectious

N

7

chuánméi

(传傳)

media

N

13

chūnjié           

春 节()

Spring Festival

N

14

cìrrì

次日

following day

TW

 

cùshĭ

促使

urge

V

13

D

dăjí

打击()

attack, strike 

V

4

dàilĭng

帶领 ()

lead

V

15

dăibŭ 

逮 捕

arrest

V

2

dà       

big

SV

1

dàduōshù

大多 数()

majority

N

13

dà fúdù

大幅度

on a large scale

ADV   

6

dàliàng          

大量   

in large quantity

ADV

4

dàzhòng        

大 众()

the public

N

12

dānyōu

() ()

be anxious about

V

17

dāngrān

()  

of  course

ADV   

14

dāngzhōng   

()

in the middle

PW

13

dăozhì           

()

cause

V        

17

dào

till, arrive

V

6

de

 

K

1

déxī    

得悉

learn about

V

16

dĕng

et cetera

PN

4

low

SV

17

end, bottom

N

6

dìqū

地区()

district, area  

N

6

dìwèi

地位   

position

N

16

diànshìtái

() ()

TV station

N

15

diănhuŏ

()

light a fire

V-O

2

diănzhōng

()()

o’clock

ADV   

2

diănlĭ

典 礼()

celebration

N

16

dōngxi

() 西

things

N

16

dŏngshì

董事

trustee

N

1

dōu

all, both

ADV

1

dòuzhēng

斗争()

struggle

N/V

6

dúlì

()

independent

ADV/SV

1

dúpĭn

毒品

drug

N

2

dùjià

度假

spend holidays         

V-O    

14

duì

()

towards, concerning

Co-V

4

duì

exchange

N

17

duōyú

多于

more than

ADV

3

E

èxíng

()

bad behaviour          

N

14

ér

yet, however

ADV

12

F

fābiăo

()

publish, issue

V

5

fāshāo

()()

have a fever

V-O

7

fāshēng

()

occur 

V

14

fāxiàn

()()

discover

V

7

fāyánrén

()言 人

spokesman

N

5

fănlúngōng

法轮()

Falungong

PN

15

făn

anti-

ADJ

2

făngăn

反感

be disgusted with

V

15

făngshèxìng

反射性           

reflect

N

17

fănyìng

反應()

reaction

N

17

fănxiāng

返鄉 ()

go back to home town

V-O

14

fànguăn

()()

restaurant

N

3

fāngmiàn

方面

aspect

N

5

fāngfă

方法

method

N

6

fángzhì

防治

prevention and cure

N/ V

6

fángbùshēngfáng

防不胜()

impossible to be prepared for

SV

14

fàngjià

放 假

on vacation

V-O

3

fàngqì

放 弃()

abandon

V

17

fēnbié

分別

separately

ADV

12

fēnbù

分布

be scattered

V

6

fēnliú

分流

divide into branches

V

13

fēnxī

分析

analysis / analyse

N/V

4

fēnghuáng

()

crazy

SV/ADJ

15

fŏurèn

否认()

deny 

V

15

fŏuzé

否 则()

otherwise

ADV

5

fúdòng

浮动()

drift

RV

 

deputy, vice

N

6

fùmŭ

父母

parents

N

7

fùzá

()()

complicated

SV

5

fùzhĕn

()()

further consultation (with a doctor)

V

7

G

gàiniàn

概念

concept

N

13

gānshè

干涉

interfere

V

5

gànshì

()

office worker

N

14

gānyù

干预()

intervene

V

6

gănrăn

感染

infect

V

6

gănkuài

() 

quickly, immediately

ADV

7

separate

V

14

gèngjiā

更 加

even more, increasingly

ADV

5

gēngzhèng

更正

to correct

V

5

gòng

in total

ADV

6

gōng’ānbù

公安部

police

N

2

gōngkāi

公开

openly

ADV

2

gōngxiào

功效

effect

N

13

gōngzuò

工作

work, to work

N/V

3

gūjì

估计()

estimate

V

6

gŭjià

股价()

share price

N

17

gŭlì

鼓励()

encourage

V

6

guàgōu

()()

link up with

V-O

17

guănlĭ

管理

manage

V

16

guăngchăng

广()()

square

N

15

guăngbō

广()

broadcast

V

15

guòchéng

()

process

N

13

guòjié

()()

spend the New Year

V-O

14

guānyuán

官员()

official

N

5

guānxidào

()()

affect

RVC

5

guónèiwài

()内外

within the country and without

N

4

H

hài

harm

V

4

hàochēng

() ()

be known as 

V

13

héfă

合法

legal

SV

14

hégé

合格

qualify, pass

V

14

hĕnduō

很多

very many

SV/ADJ

1

huàmiàn

()

picture

N

12

huíjiā

回家

return (home)

V-O

1

huì

()

will likely…    

MV

3

huìchăng

()()

place for meeting

2

huìlǜ

()

exchange rate

N

17

huódòng

活动()

activity

N

5

huòzhé

或者

or

 

3

huòdé

()

obtain

V

12

J

jīguān

()()

organization

N

12

jīkuă

()

collapse, break down

RVC

7

Jīpŭsài rén

吉 普 賽 ()

Gypsies

N

14

jīyú

基于()

be based on

V

13

namely

ADV

7

jìhuà

() ()

plan

N

14

jíwéi

()()

extremely

ADV

15

jĭhu

()

almost

ADV

7

jìzhě

()

press conference

N

5

jiā

home, family

N

1

jiēshòu

接受   

accept

V

13

jiāoshè

交 涉

negotiation

N

5

jiāochà

()

comparatively poor

SV

14

jiāwù

家务(

housework

N

1

jiākuài

加快

to speed up

V

6

jiāsù

加速

accelerate

V

6

jiàqī

假期

holiday (time or period)

N

14

jiāncè

()()

monitor

N/V

6

jiăncè

检测()

test

N/V

7

jiāng

()

will

MV

6

jiănyàn

检验()

test

N/V

7

jiănghuà

()(

speech          

N/V-O

2

jiāotōng

交通

transport

N

14

jiàoshòu

教授

professor

N

16

jiēguŏ

()

result

N

7

jiēdào

接到

receive

V

15

jiētì

接替

replace

V

16

jiégòu

()()

structure

N

4

jiézhì

截至

up to

ADV

6

jièshào

介绍()

introduce, explain

V

6

jièshí

屆 时()

at the appointed time

TW

17

jìnlái

近来()

recently

ADV

5

jīnnián

今年

this year

ADV

2

jīnróng

金融

banking

N

17

jĭnjĭn

()

to the greatest extent

ADV

13

jìn

()

merely

ADV

5

jìnniánlái

近年来()     

in the last few years   

ADV

4

jìnxíng

()

carry out

V

2

jìnzhăn

()

development, progress

N

6

jīng

()

go through, pass, by means of…

Co- V

4

jīngdiăn

()

classic

N

13

jīngjìshī

()()()

economists

N

17

jīngshen

精神

spirit

N

15

jĭngxiàng

景象

situation

N

13

jiăng

()

prize

N

12

jiùyè

就业()

undertake employment

V-O

3

jūmínwĕiyánhuì

居民委员()    ()

neighbourhood committee

N

15

jŭdòng

()()

act

N

16

occupy (similar to)

V

12  

according to

Co-V

6

jùliè

()

acute, severe, violent

ADJ

13

jùyŏu

具有

have

V

16

K

kāishĭ

开始

start, begin

V

2

kàngtĭ

抗体()

antibody

N

7

kàngyì

抗议()

protest

V

5

kēxuéyuàn

科学()

Academy of Sciences

N

16

kĕkào

可靠

reliable

AFJ/SV

6

kěwàng

渴 望

long for

MV

15

kŏngbù

恐怖

horror, horrible

ADJ/SV

13

kòngzhì

控制

control

V

6

kuàilè

快乐()

to be happy / happiness

SV / N

14

kùnrăo

困 扰()

to perplex, puzzle

V

14

L

láidào

()

arrive

V

2

lăoshī

老师()

teachers

N

1

le

(for completed action)

P

2

MW for (criminal) cases

MW

6

profit

N

17

lìshĭ

()

history

N

4

lìkè

立 刻

immediately

ADV

2

liăojiě

了 解

understand, know

V

4

lĭngdăo

( )()

leader

N

2

lǐngdào

()

get; draw

RVC

3

lìngwài

另 外  

apart from this

ADV

14

liúxīn

留 心

to be careful

SV

14

liúxíng

流行

spread

N

6

liú xuéshēng 

留学()

a student who studies abroad

N

3

lóudĭng

()()

roof

N

7

Lúndūn

()

London

PN

17

lúnfān

()

take turns

ADV

12

lǚyóu

旅游()

travel,  sight seeing

V-O

14

rate

N

6

M

měi

every

 

3

měiguó

美国()

USA

N

5

mén

()

Plural

 

1

miànjí

面积()

area

N

15

míng

MW for people

MW

2

míngliú

名流

distinguished personages

N

16

mìngyùn

命运()

fate

N

13

certain

SP

7

N

that

SP

4

nèizhèng

内政

domestic politics

N

5

néng

can, may

MV

1

néngfŏu

能否

can or cannot

ADV

5

you

PN

1

nóngcūn

()

countryside

N

6

O

ōuyuán

()

Euro

N

17

P

páihángbăng

排行榜

list of order

N

12

pài

faction

N

13

pāoshòu

抛售

close out

V

17

piàoliàng

漂 亮  

beautiful

SV/ADJ

15

pĭnzhì

品 质(

quality

N

14

píngān

平 安

to be peaceful

SV

14

píngjià

()()

evaluate

V

16

píngzhuāngbĕn

平裝本

paperback

N

12

Q

its

 

5

qíshí

其实()

actually, in reality

ADV

14

qízhōng

其中

among which

ADV

6

qĭyuán

起源   

origin

N

4

qiăngjiù

()

give emergency treatment

V

7

qīnzì

()

in person

ADV

2

qiānzhèng

签证()

visa

N

3

qiánrèn

前任

predecessor

N

16

qīnyóu

()

relatives

N

14

qīng zhuàngnián

青壮年

young people           

N

6

qīngnián

青年

youth/young 

N/SV

13

qíngkuàng

情况

situation

N

5

quánrìzhì

全日制

full-time (job)

N

3

quèrèn

()()

confirm

V

7

quèshí

()()

indeed, really

ADV

7

qíshí

其实()

actually

ADV

17

qítán guàilùn

奇谈() 怪 论

absurd argument

N

5

qiángliè

强 烈  

strongly

ADV

5

qūshì

()()

trend, tendency

N

6

quèlì

()

establish

V

6

qúnzhòng

群众()

people, mass

N

2

quánguó

全国()

whole country

N

6

R

rénmín           

人民

people

N

4

rénquán

人 权()

human rights

N

5

rénshù           

人数(

number of people

N

6

rèn

appoint

MW

16

rènwéi

()()

think, realise

V

1

rènshidào

()()

realise

RVC

5

rìcháng

日常

daily

ADJ

16

rìqián

日前

a few days ago

ADV

2

rìzi

日子

days

N

3

rúguó

如果

if

ADV

3

S

săo xìng

()()

to be demoralized

V-O

14

shāndòng

煽 动()

stir up

V

15

shàngjí 

上 級

higher authority

N

15

shàngshēng

上升

rise

V

6

shàngyăn

上演

be put in public display

V

13

shàngwàn

上 万()

a number exceeding 10,000

NW

2

shāoshāng

()()

burned

RVC

15

shèhuì

社会

society / social community

N/ADJ           

4

shèlì

()

set up

V

6

shēnqĭng

申请()

apply

V

3

shēnxiànxiănjĭng

身陷险()

to be trapped in a dangerous situation

EXPR

14

shénme

什么()

what

QW

1

shèn

cautious 

SV

7

shènzhòng

慎重

caution

N

7

shèngzhì

甚 至

even

ADV

14

shēngchăn

生产()

production

N

13

shēnghuó

生 活  

live, life

N

1

shēngwàng

()

prestige

N

16

shēngyì

生意

business

N

17

shīzú

失足

lose balance

V-O

7

shīqiè

失窃()

suffer theft

N(G)

14

shíhou

()

time

N

3

shíshí

()

frequently

ADV

14

shíjì

() ()

actual

ADJ/SV

6

shíshī

()

implement

V

15

shíjiànshì

()()

laboratory

N

7

shítáng

食 堂

canteen

N

3

shì

be

V

1

shì

city

N

6

shìdiăn

()()

pilot area

N

6

shìjì

世 纪()

century

N

13

shìjiè

世 界

world

N

6

shìchăng

(场場)

market

N

12

shìjiàn

事 件

incident

N

14

shìshí

事实()

fact, evidence

N

4

shìgù

事 故

accident

N

14

shìwù

事務()

general affairs

N

16

shīzú

失足

lose one’s footing

V-O

7

shòudào

受到 

receive

V

15

shòuyĭngxiăng

受影响()

to be affected

V-O

17

shūhu

疏忽

neglect

V

14

shūjú

()

publisher

N

12

shūrù

()

(blood) transfusion

RVC

7

shuāidào

摔到

fall to

RVC

7

shŭyú

() ()

belong to

V

16

shùmù

()

number

N

17

sījī

司机()

driver

N

14

sòngwăng

送往

take / deliver to

RVC

7

sùjiàng

宿将()

experienced general

N

13

suīrán

()

although

CONJ

1

suì      

()

age

N

6

suŏwèi

所谓()

so-called

ADJ

13

suŏyŏude

所有的

every(thing)

ADJ

13

suōshĭ

唆使

instigate

V

15

T

he, him

PN

1

tāmen

他们 ()

they, them

PN

1

tāmen

它们()

they, them

PN

4

táiwān

()()

Taiwan

N

 

tèbié

特別

especially

ADV

14

tèdiăn

特点()

characteristic

N

4

tèzhēng

特征()

characteristic

N

16

tígāo

提高

raise

V

6

tígòng

提供

provide

V

7

tóngqí

同期

same period

N

6

tóu

()

MW for some agricultural animals

MW

12

tóu

join

V

14

tújìng

途径()

way, channel

N

5

túshū

()()

books

N

12

túshūguăn

()()   ()

library

N

3

tūchū

突出

stress

V

6

Tŭérqí

土耳其

Turkey

PN

17

tuánjù

() 

gather

V

14

tuántĭ

() ()

group

N

5

tuīchū

推出

launch (a book)

V

12

tuì

退

retreat

V

7

tuìchū

退出

withdraw from

DVC

4

W

wàijiāobù

外交部

Foreign Office

N

5

wán

play, enjoy

V

1

wàn

()

10 thousand

NW

6

wàngjì

旺季

high season

N

14

wēihài

危害

danger/            endanger

N/V

4

wēijī

危机()

crisis

N

14

wēixiăn

危险()

danger, dangerous

N/SV

6

wéifă

()

break the law

V-O

4

wèishēng bù

()生部

Ministry of Health

N

6

I, me

PN

1

X

xiàdiē

下跌

fall

V

17

xiàjuéxīn

下决()

resolve

V-O

2

xiānfēng

先鋒()

pioneer

N

13

xiānlì

先例   

precedent

N

16

xiànzài

()

now

ADV

1

xiàng

()

MW for projects

MW

16

xiāoxi

消息

information, news

N

13

xiāofèi

消费()

consume

V/N

13

xiāofèizhĕ

消费()

consumers

N

14

xiāohuǐ

()

destroy

V

2

xiāojiăn

削减()

cut

V

17

xiāoliàng

()

quantity of sale

N

12

xiāoshōu

()

sell/sale

V/N

12

xiăo

small

SV/ADJ

1

xiăoshí

小时()

hour

N

3

xiăoshuō

小說()

novel

N

12

xiūkè 

休克

coma

V

15

xiéhuì

()()

association

N

14

xīn

new

SV/ADJ

4

xíngdòng

行动()

actions

N

5

xīngqī

星期

week

N

3

xŭduō

()

many

ADJ

5

xūqiú

需求

demand

N

13

xūyào

需要

need, needs

V/N

3

xuānchuán

宣传()

propagate

V

6

xŭnzé

()()

select

V

14

xuănjŭ

() ()

election

V

16

xué

()

study

V

1

xuéshēng

学生

students

N

1

xuèyè

血液

blood

N

7

xuānbù

宣布

announce

V

2

xúnzhăo

()

search, seek

V

13

Y

yánzhòngxìng

()重 性

seriousness

N

5

yīyuàn

()

hospital

N

7

yíhàn

()

to be regretful           

SV

14

yíshī

()

lose

V

14

yíshì

()

ceremony

N

16

yĭhòu

以后()

after, later

ADV

1

yĭmiăn

以免

in order to avoid

ADV

14

yĭjīng

已经()

already

ADV

3

yìxiē

一 些

some

N

5

yìbān

一般

generally

ADV

16

yìshi

意识()

awareness

N

6

yìlùn

()()

talk about

V

15

yìwài

意外

accident

N

14

yīn

because

ADV

7

yīncĭ

因此

therefore, consequently

ADV

3

yīnsù

因素

element

N

6

yínqĭ

引起

cause

V

15

yĭnshĭ wèishēng

()           ()

food hygiene

N

14

yīngguó

英国()

Britain

N

3

yĭngxiăng

影响()

affect, influence

V

6

yōngyŏu

()

possess, own

V

13

yóuyú

由于()

owing to

V

14

yŏuxiàn

有限

to be limited

SV

17

yòuyì

右翼

right wing

N

5

yúmèi

愚 昧

ignorant

SV/ADJ

15

()

and, with

CONJ

5/6

yuànshì

院士

fellow

N

16

yánchuàng

原创()

creative writing

N

12

yuánlái

原来()

actually/originally

ADV

3

yuánzé

原则()

principle

N

14

yuánmăn

()滿

wholeness

N

15

yuănjiàn

()()

foresight

N

16

yùndòng

运动()

campaign

N

2

Z

zài

be at, in, on…

V/Co-V

1

zàicì

再次

once again

ADV

4

zàochéng

造成

create (as)…

RV

14

zēngzhăng

增长   

increase

V

4

zhàn

occupy, take 

V

6

zhàn

station

N

7

zhàochéng

造成

create

RVC

4

zhăo

look for

V

3

(

MW for news items

MW

13

zēngjiā

增加

increase

V

14

zěnyàng

怎样()

how

QW

1

zhāng

()

MW for paper like objects

MW

3

zhăng

(

head of…

N

1

zhāodàohuì

招待会()

reception

N

5

zhé

()

this

SP

4

zhèlǐ

()()

here

N

5

zhènxíng

()

shape and position

N

13

zhèng

()

certificate; permit

N

3

zhèngfŭ

政府

government

N

2

zhèngjiàn

()

ID, certificate

N

14

zhīyī

之一

one of…

PN

6

zhījŭ

之举()

behaviours

N

15

zhīchí

支持   

support

V

5

zhīdao

知道   

know

V

1

zhízé

()()

duty

N

16

zhĭchū

指出

point out

DC

5

zhĭdìng

指定

designated

ADJ

7

zhĭmíng

指明

classify, clarify

RVC

3

zhĭ

(

only, just

ADV

1

zhì

to

RC

7

zhìzhĭ

制止

prevent, stop

V

15

zhìlĭi

治理

control, rule

V

4

zhìliáo

治疗()

cure

V

7

zhìzhǐ

制止

stop

V

5

zhŏng

()

type

MW

3

Zhōngguó

中国()

China

N

1

Zhōngfāng

中方

the Chinese side

N

5

Zhōnghuá míngguó

中华() 民国()

Republic of China

N

14

zhōng wŭ

中午   

noon

ADV

2

zhíwèi

()

position

N

17

zhì’ān

治安

security (in community)

N

14

zhìyu

至于()

as far as, concerning

ADJ

14

zhù

()

be stationed

V

16

zhúnián

逐年

year by year

ADV

6

zhŭchí

主持

take charge of

V

16

zhŭtí

主题()

main theme

N

6

zhŭyào

主要

main, important

ADJ/SV

4

zhuānjiā

专家

expert

N

6

zhuăn

()

transfer

V

7

zhŭnxŭ

准许()

allow/permit

V/N

3

zīliào

()

material, data

N

6

zīxún

()()

consult

N/V

17

zìfén

自焚

burn oneself

SV

15

zì…yĭlái

以来()

since

Co-V